GOLD classification
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) released a four-stage classification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity to guide the therapeutic approach
Stage 0 defines the condition characterised by classic clinical symptoms but normal spirometry.
Treatment:: Avoidance of risk factor(s); influenza vaccination
Stage I defines patients with a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) of <70%, and an FEV1 of >80% predicted, with or without chronic symptoms that may or may not be aware of disease status.
Treatment:: Add short-acting bronchodilator when needed
Stage II (FEV1/FVC <70%, FEV1 30–79%) is split into
substages IIa (FEV1 50–79%)
Treatment::
Add regular treatment with one or more long-acting bronchodilators
Add rehabilitation
substages IIb (FEV1 30–49%) according to the greater rate of exacerbation experienced by patients in substage IIb, which in turn is inversely related to health status .
Treatment::
Add inhaled glucocorticosteroids if repeated exacerbations
Stage III (FEV1/FVC <70% and either FEV1 <30% pred, hypoxaemia, or clinical signs of right heart failure) is expected to be associated with the worst health status.
Treatment::
Add long term oxygen if chronic respiratory failure
Consider surgical treatments
Here is in table
|
Staging of Disease Severity
|
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Disease Severity FEV1 % Predicted
|
ATS
|
ERS
|
BTS
|
GOLD
|
| Stage 0: at risk |
–
|
–
|
–
|
Normal |
| Stage 1: mild |
> 50
|
> 70
|
> 60
|
> 80 but FEV1/FVC < 70 |
| Stage 2: moderate |
35-49
|
50-69
|
40-59
|
30-79 |
| Stage 3: severe |
< 35
|
< 50
|
< 40
|
< 30 |
| ATS = American Thoracic Society ERS=European Respiratory Society BTS= Thoracic Society GOLD=Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease FEV1=Forced expiratory volume in 1 second FVC=Forced vital capacity |
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