1. IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease): macroscopic haematuria +/- loin pain occurring during or several days( usu: 1 week) after URTI or infection of other IgA secreting surface (GI tract, breast, bladder)

2. HSP: a small vessel vasculitis occurring in children/young adults, often 10-14 days after group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis (50%), causing arthralgia, abdominal pain and glomerulonephritis (sometimes crescentic) plus palpable purpura classically over extensor surfaces and buttocks.

3. Post-streptococcal GN: a proliferative often diffuse GN causing a nephritic picture (hypertension, haematuria and oliguria) 14-21 days post-streptococcal pharyngitis or impetigo.